Hello, I've found a workaround: disabling PAM for the remote machine ssh-daemon. This is not done as part of 'guix deploy', so needs to be fiddled with manually; I did it this way: 1. take note of the command line and sshd_config file: --8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8--- ps -eFww | grep sshd --8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8--- 2. Copy the sshd_config file from /gnu/store to somewhere writable and edit it so tha UsePAM is "no" instead of "yes". 3. Stop the Shepherd service with 'sudo herd stop ssh-daemon' 4. Start the ssh daemon manually (with sudo) by using the command found in 1. but with the edited config from 2. Then you should be able to 'guix deploy' successfully. Reading 'man sshd_config', it says the default for UsePAM is no. Considering this, and the issue it caused reported here, perhaps we should disable it by default in Guix? What do others think? Thank you, Maxim